NCERT Class 11 Political Science — Chapter 6: Legislature

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The 91st Constitutional Amendment is primarily associated with:

Official previous-year question

Verified 1 Aug 2026.

Options

ARight to Information.
BModification of the Anti-defection law.
CIntroduction of GST.
DFormation of Telangana.

Did you get this right?

Solution

The correct option is Modification of the Anti-defection law..

Explanation

The Constitution (Ninety-first Amendment) Act, 2003, was enacted to strengthen the Anti-Defection Law (Tenth Schedule) and to place a ceiling on the size of the Council of Ministers to prevent jumbo cabinets.

Detailed Analysis:

Modification of Anti-Defection Law: The 91st Amendment modified the Tenth Schedule by omitting the provision that protected a "split" in a political party. Previously, if one-third of the members of a legislature party split, they were not disqualified. This exception was removed, and now only a "merger" (involving at least two-thirds of the members) is protected from disqualification.
Limiting the Size of the Council of Ministers: The Amendment added Clause (1A) to Article 75 and Article 164. It mandates that the total number of Ministers, including the Prime Minister (at the Centre) or the Chief Minister (in a State), shall not exceed 15% of the total number of members of the Lok Sabha or the Legislative Assembly of that State, respectively.
Other Options:
- Introduction of GST: This was achieved through the 101st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2016.
- Right to Information: This is a statutory right established by the Right to Information Act, 2005, not a Constitutional Amendment.
- Formation of Telangana: This was executed through the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014, under Article 3 of the Constitution, which does not require a Constitutional Amendment under Article 368.

Key Takeaway:

The 91st Amendment (2003) is pivotal for capping the Council of Ministers at 15% of the Lower House strength and removing the "split" exception from the Anti-Defection Law.

Your note

More from Chapter 6: Legislature

Joint Parliamentary Committees (JPCs) can be set up for which of the following purposes? 1. Discussing a particular bill. 2. Investigating financial irregularities. 3. Selecting the Prime Minister in case of a hung parliament.

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The Public Accounts Committee (PAC) is primarily responsible for:

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What is the consequence if the Rajya Sabha does not return a Money Bill within 14 days?

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Regarding the nominated members of the Rajya Sabha, consider the following: 1. There are twelve nominated members. 2. They are nominated by the Prime Minister. 3. They are chosen from fields such as literature, science, art, and social service. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

easy

Consider the following statements regarding the law-making process: 1. A bill proposed by a minister is called a Private Member’s Bill. 2. A bill is a draft of a proposed law. 3. A bill proposed by a non-minister is called a Government Bill. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

easy

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The correct option is Modification of the Anti-defection law..

Explanation

Detailed Analysis:

Modification of Anti-Defection Law: The 91st Amendment modified the Tenth Schedule by omitting the provision that protected a "split" in a political party. Previously, if one-third of the members of a legislature party split, they were not disqualified. This exception was removed, and now only a "merger" (involving at least two-thirds of the members) is protected from disqualification.
Limiting the Size of the Council of Ministers: The Amendment added Clause (1A) to Article 75 and Article 164. It mandates that the total number of Ministers, including the Prime Minister (at the Centre) or the Chief Minister (in a State), shall not exceed 15% of the total number of members of the Lok Sabha or the Legislative Assembly of that State, respectively.
Other Options:
- Introduction of GST: This was achieved through the 101st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2016.
- Right to Information: This is a statutory right established by the Right to Information Act, 2005, not a Constitutional Amendment.
- Formation of Telangana: This was executed through the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014, under Article 3 of the Constitution, which does not require a Constitutional Amendment under Article 368.

Key Takeaway:

The 91st Amendment (2003) is pivotal for capping the Council of Ministers at 15% of the Lower House strength and removing the "split" exception from the Anti-Defection Law.