Correct Option
The correct option is 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
Under Article 83 of the Indian Constitution, the Parliament consists of two Houses with distinct tenures. While the Lok Sabha has a fixed duration (unless dissolved earlier), the Rajya Sabha is envisaged as a continuing chamber to ensure continuity in legislative business.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. The Rajya Sabha is not elected for a fixed term of five years. Unlike the Lok Sabha, which has a normal term of five years, the Rajya Sabha is a permanent body. The term of office for individual members is six years, as determined by the Representation of the People Act, 1951.
- Statement 2 is Correct. According to Article 83(1) of the Constitution, the Council of States (Rajya Sabha) shall not be subject to dissolution. It is a permanent House, ensuring that the Parliament is never fully dissolved at any point in time.
- Statement 3 is Correct. The Constitution mandates that as nearly as possible, one-third of the members of the Rajya Sabha shall retire on the expiration of every second year. These vacancies are filled by fresh elections and presidential nominations at the beginning of every third year.
Key Takeaway
Key Takeaway: The Rajya Sabha is a permanent House not subject to dissolution. While the House has no fixed tenure, its members serve a six-year term, with one-third retiring biennially.