The correct option is A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.
Explanation
The early medieval period in Indian history (c. 750–1200 CE) witnessed the emergence of several powerful regional dynasties. Key ruling houses included the Rashtrakutas in the Deccan, the Gurjara-Pratiharas in Western India, the Cholas in the South, and the Chahamanas in the Northwest.Detailed Analysis:
- A. Dantidurga (Rashtrakuta): Dantidurga was the founder of the Rashtrakuta dynasty. Originally a feudatory of the Chalukyas of Badami, he overthrew his overlord Kirtivarman II in the mid-8th century and performed the Hiranyagarbha (golden womb) ritual to establish his sovereignty. (Matches A-3)
- B. Nagabhata (Gurjara-Pratihara): Nagabhata I was the founder and a prominent ruler of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty. He ruled over the Avanti (Malwa) region and is historically noted for successfully resisting Arab incursions from Sindh. (Matches B-1)
- C. Vijayalaya (Chola): Vijayalaya (c. 850–871 CE) founded the Imperial Chola line. He was initially a feudatory of the Pallavas. By capturing Thanjavur from the Muttaraiyars in the mid-9th century, he laid the foundation for the resurgence of Chola power. (Matches C-4)
- D. Prithviraja III (Chahamana): Prithviraja III, commonly known as Prithviraj Chauhan, was the most celebrated ruler of the Chahamana (Chauhan) dynasty of Ajmer. He is best known for his conflict with the Ghurids, specifically the Battles of Tarain (1191 and 1192 CE). (Matches D-2)
Key Takeaway: The foundational rulers of major early medieval dynasties include Dantidurga (Rashtrakuta), Nagabhata I (Gurjara-Pratihara), and Vijayalaya (Imperial Chola), while Prithviraja III was a later, prominent ruler of the Chahamanas.