The correct Answer is A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
Explanation
This question assesses knowledge of various area development programmes initiated by the Government of India, focusing on their primary objectives and target regions. These programmes are designed to address specific environmental, economic, and social challenges in vulnerable areas.
Statement-wise Analysis
- A. Drought Prone Area Programme (DPAP) - 4. Ecological restoration in semi-arid belts
- Correct: The Drought Prone Area Programme (DPAP) was launched in 1973-74 to tackle the special problems faced by those areas that are constantly affected by drought. Its primary objective is to minimize the adverse effects of drought on the production of crops and livestock and on the productivity of land, water, and human resources. This involves ecological restoration and development in semi-arid regions to mitigate drought impacts.
- B. Desert Development Programme (DDP) - 2. Reclamation of degraded arid ecosystems
- Correct: The Desert Development Programme (DDP) was initiated in 1977-78. Its main objective is to control desertification, mitigate the adverse effects of drought, restore ecological balance, and improve the socio-economic conditions of the people in desert areas. This directly involves the reclamation and development of degraded arid ecosystems.
- C. Hill Area Development Programme (HADP) - 1. Resource-based development in high-altitude regions
- Correct: The Hill Area Development Programme (HADP) was launched during the Fifth Five Year Plan, covering 15 districts comprising all the hilly districts of Uttar Pradesh (now Uttarakhand), Mikir Hills and North Cachar Hills of Assam, Darjeeling district of West Bengal, and Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu. The programme aims at resource-based development, focusing on the unique challenges and potential of high-altitude regions, including horticulture, plantation agriculture, animal husbandry, and tourism.
- D. Command Area Development Programme (CADP) - 3. Efficient water distribution in irrigation systems
- Correct: The Command Area Development Programme (CADP) was launched in 1974-75. Its main objective is to improve the utilization of irrigation potential created and to optimize agricultural production from irrigated lands through efficient water management. This includes on-farm development works like construction of field channels, land levelling, and introduction of warabandi (rotational water supply) for efficient water distribution in irrigation systems.
Key Takeaway
Understanding the specific objectives and target regions of various area development programmes is crucial for identifying their primary focus.