The correct option is Powdered conch shells.
Explanation
Pattachitra is a traditional cloth-based scroll painting style originating from Odisha and West Bengal. It is distinguished by its intricate line work, mythological themes, and the strict usage of natural, mineral, and vegetable-based colours.
Analysis of Pigments:
- White Pigment: In the Odisha Pattachitra tradition, the white colour is primarily derived from powdered conch shells. The shells are crushed, boiled, and filtered to create a durable and bright white pigment.
- Comparison with Rice Paste: While rice paste (Option b) is the primary source of white in many other Indian folk arts (such as Warli painting or the Jhoti/Chita floor art of Odisha), it is not the standard material for Pattachitra scroll paintings.
- Other Natural Colours: The palette typically includes:
- Red: Derived from Hingula (Cinnabar).
- Yellow: Derived from Haritala (Orpiment).
- Black: Derived from lamp soot or burnt coconut shells.
- Blue: Derived from Indigo (Ramaraja).
Key Takeaway: The unique feature of Odisha Pattachitra is the preparation of white pigment from powdered conch shells, distinguishing it from other folk traditions that rely on rice paste or white clay.