The correct option is (c).
Explanation
The political landscape of South India between the 6th and 8th centuries CE was defined by the intense rivalry between two major powers: the
Pallavas of Kanchi and the
Chalukyas of Badami. Their conflict shaped the geopolitical history of the Deccan and the Tamil country.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct. The Pallavas and Chalukyas frequently raided each other's territories. The primary bone of contention was the fertile land between the Krishna and Tungabhadra rivers (the Raichur Doab).
- For instance, the Chalukya king Pulakeshin II defeated the Pallava king Mahendravarman I and advanced close to Kanchipuram.
- In retaliation, the Pallava king Narasimhavarman I (Mamalla) defeated Pulakeshin II and captured the Chalukyan capital, Vatapi, assuming the title 'Vatapikonda'.
- Statement 2 is Correct. Both dynasties eventually declined and were replaced by new powers that emerged from their own feudatories or regions.
- The Chalukyas of Badami were overthrown in the mid-8th century by the Rashtrakutas, led by Dantidurga.
- The Pallava power gradually waned due to internal conflicts and pressure from neighbors. They were ultimately replaced by the Imperial Cholas in the late 9th century, marked by the rise of Vijayalaya Chola.
Key Takeaway
The geopolitical struggle in early medieval South India saw the
Chalukyas being succeeded by the
Rashtrakutas, while the
Pallavas were succeeded by the
Cholas.