The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
Prashastis are eulogistic inscriptions composed by court poets to praise the achievements, lineage, and military victories of rulers. The Gwalior Prashasti is a significant epigraphic source detailing the achievements of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty, particularly King Nagabhata II.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. The Prashasti of Nagabhata was not written in Pali nor found in Pataliputra. It was found in Gwalior (Madhya Pradesh) and is written in Sanskrit using the Nagari script. It serves as a primary source for the history of the Gurjara-Pratiharas.
- Statement 2 is Correct. The inscription details Nagabhata II's military exploits. It explicitly mentions his success against the King of Vanga (Bengal), who is identified by historians as the Pala ruler Dharmapala. This conflict was part of the Tripartite Struggle for control over northern India.
- Statement 3 is Correct. The Prashasti records that Nagabhata II defeated Chakrayudha, the ruler of Kanauj. Chakrayudha was a nominee or vassal of the Pala king Dharmapala. Following this victory, Nagabhata II transferred his capital to Kanauj, marking the height of Pratihara power.
Key Takeaway:
The Gwalior Prashasti is a Sanskrit inscription that documents the military expansion of the Gurjara-Pratihara king Nagabhata II, specifically his victories over the rulers of Vanga (Palas) and Kanauj (Chakrayudha).