The correct option is
1 only
Explanation
Abdur Razzaq Samarqandi was a Persian scholar and ambassador sent by the Timurid ruler Shah Rukh to the courts of South India. His travelogue, Matla-us-Sadain wa Majma-ul-Bahrain (The Rise of the Two Auspicious Constellations and the Confluence of the Two Oceans), serves as a critical primary source for the history of the Vijayanagara Empire and coastal South India.
Statement 1: Correct
Abdur Razzaq visited South India during the 15th century (specifically 1442-1443 CE). He first arrived at the court of the Zamorin in Calicut and subsequently visited the Vijayanagara Empire during the reign of Deva Raya II.
Statement 2: Incorrect
He did not describe the people of Calicut as culturally identical to Persians. On the contrary, he viewed them as "strange people" with customs entirely alien to his own. He noted their distinct attire (often describing them as semi-naked) and social practices (such as polyandry) with a sense of cultural distance and occasional disdain, rather than similarity.
Statement 3: Incorrect
He was not unimpressed by the temple architecture in Mangalore. Despite his religious background, he expressed admiration for the craftsmanship. He described the temple as having "no like in the world" and marveled at the intricate bronze idol and the structure's grandeur.
Key Takeaway:
Abdur Razzaq Samarqandi visited South India in the 15th century as a Persian ambassador; while he admired the architectural splendor of temples in Mangalore and Vijayanagara, he found the social customs of Calicut to be culturally distinct and alien.