The correct option is 1 and 3 only.
Explanation
The horizontal distribution of atmospheric pressure is represented on weather maps using isobars. These patterns help identify pressure systems such as depressions (low pressure) and anticyclones (high pressure).
- Statement 1 is Correct: A low-pressure system is characterized by closed isobars where the atmospheric pressure decreases towards the center. Consequently, the lowest pressure is located at the center of the system.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: A high-pressure system is characterized by closed isobars where the atmospheric pressure increases towards the center. Therefore, the highest pressure is found at the center, not the lowest.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Isobars are imaginary lines on a map connecting points of equal atmospheric pressure. To ensure that pressure differences reflect meteorological conditions rather than altitude differences, pressure readings are standardized by reducing them to mean sea level.
Key Takeaway: Isobars connect points of equal sea-level pressure. In a low-pressure system, the center holds the minimum pressure, while in a high-pressure system, the center holds the maximum pressure.