The correct option is 2 only
Explanation
Article 324 of the Constitution of India establishes the Election Commission as an independent and permanent body to ensure free and fair elections. While the Constitution provides certain safeguards to ensure its independence, it also leaves certain administrative aspects dependent on the executive.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: The Constitution provides security of tenure to the Chief Election Commissioner (CEC). Under Article 324(5), the CEC cannot be removed from office except in the same manner and on the same grounds as a Judge of the Supreme Court. This ensures that the CEC can function without fear of executive interference.
- Statement 2 is Correct: The Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners are appointed by the President of India, not the Chief Justice of India. While recent legislative developments involve a selection committee, the formal appointment authority remains the President as per Article 324(2).
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: The Election Commission does not have an independent staff cadre of its own. Under Article 324(6), the President or the Governor of a State is required to make available to the Election Commission such staff as may be necessary for the discharge of its functions. The Commission relies on the administrative machinery of the Central and State governments to conduct elections.
Key Takeaway:
While the CEC enjoys constitutional security of tenure similar to a Supreme Court judge, the Election Commission lacks an independent secretariat and relies on government staff for its operations.