The correct option is 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
Article 368 of the Indian Constitution deals with the powers of the Parliament to amend the Constitution and the procedure therefor. It distinguishes the "constituent power" (exercised under Article 368) from ordinary "legislative power."
Statement 1 is Incorrect:
The Lok Sabha does not have overriding powers over the Rajya Sabha in matters of Constitutional Amendments. Unlike ordinary bills, there is no provision for a joint sitting (Article 108) to resolve a deadlock over a Constitutional Amendment Bill. If the Rajya Sabha disagrees with the Lok Sabha, the bill ends.
Statement 2 is Correct:
In the context of the Parliament's constituent power (Article 368), amendments must be passed by a special majority in each House. This implies a majority of the total membership of the House and a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members of that House present and voting. While certain provisions of the Constitution can be amended by a simple majority (e.g., admission of new states), the Constitution explicitly states that such laws are not deemed to be amendments for the purposes of Article 368.
Statement 3 is Correct:
Regarding the constituent power (amending the Constitution under Article 368), the powers of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha are equal. Both Houses must pass the amendment bill separately with the required special majority. The Rajya Sabha has the power to reject a Constitutional Amendment Bill passed by the Lok Sabha.
Key Takeaway:
Constitutional Amendment Bills under Article 368 require passage by a special majority in both Houses separately. The Rajya Sabha enjoys equal status with the Lok Sabha in this regard, and there is no mechanism for a joint sitting.