The correct option is (c).
Explanation
The Imperial Chola dynasty emerged in the middle of the 9th century CE. The revival of the Chola power began in the Kaveri delta region, which was historically a contested zone between the Pallavas of Kanchipuram and the Pandyas of Madurai.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. Vijayalaya, who belonged to the ancient chiefly family of the Cholas from Uraiyur, was not defeated by the Muttaraiyar. Instead, he captured the Kaveri delta from the Muttaraiyar in the middle of the ninth century. This victory marked the foundation of the Imperial Chola Empire.
- Statement 2 is Correct. The Muttaraiyar were a minor chiefly family that held power in the Kaveri delta. They were subordinate to the Pallava kings of Kanchipuram. The decline of Pallava power provided the opportunity for Vijayalaya to assert independence.
- Statement 3 is Correct. After capturing the delta from the Muttaraiyar, Vijayalaya established the town of Thanjavur and made it his capital. He also constructed a temple for the goddess Nishumbhasudini (Durga) in the newly established city to commemorate his victory.
Key Takeaway:
Vijayalaya is considered the founder of the Imperial Chola line. He established the empire by defeating the Muttaraiyar (feudatories of the Pallavas) and making Thanjavur the capital.