The correct option is (b) 2 only.
Explanation
The rise of Harshavardhana (7th century CE) occurred amidst political turmoil in North India following the decline of the Guptas. The primary conflict involved the Pushyabhutis of Thanesar, the Maukharis of Kanauj, the Later Guptas of Malwa, and the Gaudas of Bengal.
Statement 1 is Incorrect:
The ruler of Kanauj, Grahavarman (Harsha’s brother-in-law), was killed by the ruler of Malwa (Devagupta), not the ruler of Bengal. The ruler of Bengal, Sasanka, was allied with the ruler of Malwa and was responsible for treacherously killing Harsha’s elder brother, Rajyavardhana.
Statement 2 is Correct:
Following the death of his brother-in-law and the murder of his brother, Harsha ascended the throne of Thanesar and subsequently took over the administration of Kanauj to fill the political vacuum. Having consolidated his position, he led an army against Sasanka, the ruler of Bengal, to avenge his brother's death and expand his empire.
Key Takeaway:
Harshavardhana united the kingdoms of Thanesar and Kanauj after the ruler of Malwa killed the Maukhari king (Harsha's brother-in-law) and the ruler of Bengal killed the Pushyabhuti king (Harsha's brother).