The correct option is 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Explanation
Article 324 of the Constitution of India vests the power of superintendence, direction, and control of elections to Parliament, State Legislatures, the Office of President, and the Office of Vice-President in the Election Commission of India (ECI). This mandate ensures the conduct of free and fair elections.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: The Election Commission is responsible for the preparation and periodic revision of electoral rolls (voters' lists). This ensures that all eligible citizens are registered and that the rolls are free from errors or duplication before elections are conducted.
- Statement 2 is Correct: The determination of the election schedule is the sole prerogative of the Election Commission. It decides the timing of elections, including dates for notification, nomination, polling, and counting, taking into account factors such as weather, festivals, and law and order situations.
- Statement 3 is Correct: The ECI registers political parties for the purpose of elections and grants them the status of National or State parties based on their performance. It also allots election symbols to political parties and independent candidates under the Election Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order, 1968.
- Statement 4 is Correct: Once the election schedule is announced and the Model Code of Conduct comes into force, the administrative machinery involved in election work comes under the control of the ECI. The Commission has the authority to transfer administrative and police officers to ensure neutrality and fairness in the election process.
Key Takeaway:
The Election Commission of India exercises comprehensive authority under Article 324, covering administrative control, scheduling, electoral roll management, and the regulation of political parties to guarantee the integrity of the electoral process.