The correct option is (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Explanation
The Uttaramerur inscriptions, issued during the reign of the Chola King Parantaka I (specifically dated to 919 CE and 921 CE), provide a comprehensive account of the functioning of the Sabha (village assembly) in the Chola administration. These inscriptions detail the Kudavolai system (pot-ticket system) used for selecting members to various committees (Variyams) and outline strict eligibility criteria to ensure ethical and efficient local governance.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: The inscription mandates that to be eligible for selection, a candidate must own a specific amount of tax-paying land (at least 1/4th veli). This ensured that the members had a tangible stake in the village economy and revenue administration.
- Statement 2 is Correct: There was a strict age criterion for membership. Candidates were required to be between the ages of 35 and 70 years. This ensured a balance between maturity/experience and physical capability.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Educational qualification was mandatory. A candidate was expected to possess knowledge of the Vedas and be proficient in the Mantra Brahmana. This reflects the Brahminical nature of the Sabha in Brahmadeya villages.
- Statement 4 is Correct: The inscriptions placed a high emphasis on financial probity and moral conduct. Anyone who had failed to submit accounts for themselves or their close relatives was disqualified from contesting. This provision aimed to prevent corruption and nepotism in village administration.
Key Takeaway: The Chola village administration was characterized by a high degree of autonomy and rigorous standards for public office, requiring property ownership, educational qualifications (Vedic knowledge), specific age limits, and strict financial accountability.