Given,
A=1,2,3,4 and R=(1,2),(2,3),(1,4) be a relation on A.
Now, given S be the equivalence relation on A and R⊂S
So, for S to be equivalence it should be Reflexive, Symmetric and Transitive on given relation,
Now, for reflexive Relation we need, (1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(4,4)→4 elements,
For Symmetric relation we need, (2,1),(3,2),(4,1)→3 elements,
And for Transitive relation we need, (1,3),(3,1),(3,4),(4,2),(2,4),(4,3)→6 elements
So, minimum 13 elements should be added in R
Hence , n(S)=16 elements.