To check if R1 is transitive -
Let a=16,b=4,c=1
Here ∣a−b∣=∣16−4∣≤13 holds true
now ∣b−c∣=∣4−1∣≤13 ⇒∣3∣⩽13 also holds true
but ∣a−c∣=∣16−1∣≰13
Hence R1 is not transitive
Similarly, to check transitivity of R2
Let a=16,b=4,c=3
Here ∣a−b∣=∣16−4∣=13and∣b−c∣=∣4−3∣=13
but ∣a−c∣=∣16−3∣=13
Hence, R2 is also not transitive.
Hence neither R1 nor R2 is an equivalence relation