Correct Option (d)
All four statements are correct.
Explanation
- Statement 1: Some mushrooms possess medicinal properties. For instance, species like Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) and Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum) are recognized for their immune-boosting effects and are subjects of research for potential anti-cancer applications.
- Statement 2: Certain mushrooms exhibit psychoactive properties. Psilocybin-containing mushrooms are known for their hallucinogenic effects and have historical use in traditional rituals, as well as current exploration in psychiatric research for therapeutic purposes.
- Statement 3: Some mushrooms demonstrate insecticidal properties. The Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus), for example, produces compounds capable of immobilizing and digesting nematodes, and can also deter or eliminate certain insect pests.
- Statement 4: A number of mushroom species are bioluminescent. Examples include Mycena chlorophos and the Jack-o'-lantern mushroom (Omphalotus olearius), which naturally emit a greenish light in dark environments.
Incorrect Options
Options (a), (b), and (c) are incorrect because all four statements provided in the question are factually accurate regarding various properties observed in different mushroom species. Therefore, asserting that 'Only one', 'Only two', or 'Only three' statements are correct is an inaccurate assessment.