Correct Option (D)
Assertion (A) is false. Glycine, serine, and tyrosine are classified as non-essential amino acids. The human body possesses the metabolic pathways to synthesize these amino acids from other precursors, meaning their compulsory inclusion in the diet is not required.
Reason (R) is true. Essential amino acids are those that the human body cannot synthesize endogenously or cannot synthesize in sufficient quantities to meet physiological demands. Therefore, they must be obtained from dietary sources.
Since Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is true, option (4) is the correct choice.
Incorrect Options
Options (1) and (2) are incorrect because Assertion (A) is false. The premise that both A and R are true is incorrect.
Option (3) is incorrect because Reason (R) is true. The statement that R is false is factually incorrect regarding essential amino acids.