Correct Option
Statement 1 is correct. The Horse Latitudes are subtropical regions located approximately between 30° and 35° North and South latitudes, primarily over the oceans. These belts are characterized by calm winds, clear skies, and minimal precipitation due to descending air. Historically, sailing ships often experienced prolonged delays in these regions due to the lack of strong winds.
Statement 2 is incorrect. Horse Latitudes are high-pressure belts, not low-pressure belts. They form part of the subtropical high-pressure system, which is created by the descent of dry, cool air from the upper atmosphere, a component of the Hadley cell circulation.
Incorrect Options
Option (b) is incorrect because Statement 2 is false, as Horse Latitudes are high-pressure zones.
Option (c) is incorrect as Statement 2 is false.
Option (d) is incorrect because Statement 1 is true.