Correct Option (d)
Statement 1 is correct.
- A terrestrial mile, also known as a statute mile, is defined as 1,609.344 meters.
- A nautical mile is defined as 1,852 meters.
- Consequently, the length of a terrestrial mile is lesser than that of a nautical mile. Nautical miles are primarily used in maritime and air navigation, and their definition is historically linked to one minute of latitude on Earth's surface.
Incorrect Options
Statement 2 is incorrect.
- The Harmattan is a dry, dusty trade wind that originates from the Sahara Desert and blows across West Africa into the Gulf of Guinea.
- It is characterized by low humidity and often carries dust, creating a hazy atmosphere. It is not associated with the East African Coast.
Statement 3 is incorrect.
- The Iberian Peninsula is located in southwestern Europe and primarily includes Spain, Portugal, Andorra, and Gibraltar.
- Greece and Albania are geographically situated in the Balkan Peninsula, which is located in Southeast Europe. They do not form a part of the Iberian Peninsula.
Based on the analysis, only statement 1 is factually correct.