Correct Option
The correct option is All three.
Explanation
The Constitution of India envisages the Governor as a dual authority: the Constitutional head of the State and the representative of the Central Government. To maintain the unity and integrity of the nation and ensure compliance with the Constitution, the Governor is vested with specific discretionary powers that allow for Central intervention or oversight in State affairs.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: Under Article 356, the Governor has the power to send a report to the President recommending the imposition of President's Rule if satisfied that the government of the State cannot be carried on in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution. This recommendation can lead to the dismissal of the State government and the assumption of executive power by the Centre.
- Statement 2 is Correct: The Governor has the constitutional power to dissolve the State Legislative Assembly under Article 174(2)Only two. Additionally, in situations of political instability or constitutional breakdown, the Governor may recommend the dissolution of the Assembly to the President. This discretionary power prevents a State government from continuing in office without a majority or mandate.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Under Article 200, the Governor is empowered to reserve a bill passed by the State Legislature for the consideration of the President. This provision serves as a vital link for the Centre to scrutinize State legislation, ensuring it does not conflict with Central laws or national interests.
Key Takeaway:
The Governor's discretionary powers regarding the reservation of bills (Article 200), the recommendation of President's Rule (Article 356), and the dissolution of the State Assembly act as significant constitutional tools that strengthen the Central Government's control and supervision over the States.