The correct option is
1 only
Explanation
The Solanki style of temple architecture, also known as the Maru-Gurjara style, flourished in Gujarat and Rajasthan between the 11th and 13th centuries. It is characterized by complex stone carvings, the presence of step-wells (Surya Kund), and distinct structural components like the Garbhagriha, Gudhamandapa, and Sabhamandapa.
Statement 1 is Correct:
The architects of the Solanki dynasty utilized a diverse range of materials. While sandstone (both red and yellow) was commonly used in structures like the Sun Temple at Modhera, other materials such as basalt and soft white marble were also employed. The famous Dilwara Jain Temples at Mount Abu, constructed by ministers of the Solanki rulers, are renowned for their extensive use of white marble.
Statement 2 is Incorrect:
The Sun Temple at Modhera is oriented towards the East, not the West. This specific orientation is intentional, designed so that during the equinoxes, the first rays of the rising sun would penetrate the entrance and illuminate the sanctum sanctorum (Garbhagriha).
Statement 3 is Incorrect:
The stone carvings in Solanki architecture strongly reflect the influence of the local woodcarving tradition. The intricate detailing, delicate ornamentation, and fine lattice work found on pillars, ceilings, and walls suggest that craftsmen applied techniques originally developed for wood to stone.
Key Takeaway:
The Solanki (Maru-Gurjara) style is distinguished by its intricate stone carvings mimicking wood, the use of diverse stones including marble and sandstone, and the integration of step-tanks (kunds) within temple complexes.