The correct option is (b) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
The Serampore Mission was a Baptist missionary initiative established in Bengal during the early 19th century. It played a pioneering role in the introduction of the printing press, modern education, and social reforms in India, operating under the leadership of the "Serampore Trio."Statement 1 is Incorrect:
The Serampore Mission was not set up in an area under the control of the British East India Company (EIC). During this period, the EIC followed a policy of non-intervention in religious matters and strictly prohibited missionary activities within its territories to prevent social unrest. Consequently, the missionaries established their base in Serampore, which was a Danish settlement (Frederiksnagore) at the time, offering them refuge from British restrictions.
Statement 2 is Correct:
The mission was instrumental in the development of vernacular publishing and education. A printing press was established in 1800, which printed the Bible and other texts in various Indian languages. Subsequently, Serampore College was established in 1818 to provide education in arts and sciences to students irrespective of their caste or creed.
Statement 3 is Correct:
William Carey was the central figure associated with this mission. He, along with Joshua Marshman and William Ward, formed the "Serampore Trio," which led the mission's educational and social reform activities.
Key Takeaway:
The Serampore Mission operated from Danish territory specifically to bypass the British East India Company's ban on missionary work in their domains during the early 19th century.