The correct option is 1 and 3 only
Explanation
Hoysala architecture flourished in the Karnataka region between the 11th and 14th centuries. It is often classified as a hybrid or Vesara style, characterized by a distinct star-shaped ground plan, the use of soft stone for intricate carving, and a high platform (jagati).
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct. Hoysala temples are constructed using Chloritic Schist, commonly known as soapstone. This material is relatively soft when quarried, which allows artisans to carve minute, jewelry-like details. The stone hardens upon exposure to the atmosphere, preserving the intricate work.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect. The ground plan of Hoysala temples is not strictly rectangular. Instead, they are famous for their stellate (star-shaped) plan. The projecting angles of the star shape provide a larger surface area for the elaborate sculptures that adorn the exterior walls.
- Statement 3 is Correct. The Hoysaleshvara temple at Halebid (built around 1150 CE) is a double building (dvikuta) structure. It consists of two shrines connected by a common mandapa. According to standard references, the temple is dedicated to Shiva as Nataraja and features a large hall designed to facilitate music and dance.
Key Takeaway:
The defining features of Hoysala architecture are the stellate (star-shaped) plan, the use of soapstone for high-relief carving, and the placement of the temple on a raised platform called the jagati.