The correct option is (b) 2 only.
Explanation
The Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) is the popular house of the State Legislature, consisting of representatives directly elected by the people. It functions based on the principles of parliamentary democracy, ensuring representation of diverse political views and the accountability of the government to the elected representatives.- Statement 1 is Incorrect: The Legislative Assembly is a forum where all Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) meet, regardless of their political affiliation. This includes MLAs from the ruling party, the opposition parties, and independent members. The participation of opposition members is fundamental to the democratic process, allowing for debate, criticism, and scrutiny of the government's performance.
- Statement 2 is Correct: In a parliamentary form of government, the Executive (the Chief Minister and the Council of Ministers) is part of the Legislature and is collectively responsible to it. Administrative decisions that require legislation, financial allocations (Budget), or major policy shifts must be presented to and approved by the Legislative Assembly. Without the Assembly's sanction, the Executive cannot enact laws or withdraw money from the state exchequer.
Key Takeaway: The Legislative Assembly comprises all elected representatives (both ruling and opposition) and holds the Executive accountable by requiring legislative approval for laws, budgets, and major decisions.