The correct option is (b).
Explanation
In a parliamentary democracy, the Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) acts as the primary law-making body at the state level. It exercises control over the Executive, ensuring accountability and debating policies. However, the scope of democratic expression extends beyond the legislature.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: The Legislative Assembly is not the only platform where opinions about the government are expressed. In a vibrant democracy, citizens, opposition parties, and interest groups express their views through mass media (newspapers, television), public demonstrations, social media, and civil society organizations.
- Statement 2 is Correct: The Executive (Council of Ministers) is accountable to the Legislative Assembly. While the Executive formulates policies and drafts laws, these decisions-particularly those regarding legislation, budget, and major policies-must be approved by the Legislative Assembly to acquire legal force and legitimacy. The Assembly debates and votes on these decisions.
Key Takeaway:
The Legislative Assembly is the constitutional body that authorizes Executive decisions (laws and budget), but it is not the exclusive forum for public opinion, which flourishes through media and civil society.