With reference to the concept of 'Human Development', consider the following statements: 1. It emphasizes that the well-being of the people is the most important aspect of development. 2. It relies solely on economic indicators like GNI per capita. 3. It excludes health and education indicators, focusing only on per capita income. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Option The correct option is 1 only Explanation The concept of Human Development was introduced by economists Dr. Mahbub-ul-Haq and Prof. Amartya Sen. It represents a paradigm shift from viewing development merely as economic growth to viewing it as a process of enlarging people's choices and enhancing their capabilities. It focuses on the richness of human life rather than the richness of the economy. Statement-wise Analysis - Statement 1 is Correct: The core philosophy of human development posits that people are the real wealth of a nation. It emphasizes that the purpose of development is to create an enabling environment for people to enjoy long, healthy, and creative lives. Therefore, the well-being of the people is the central aspect of this approach. - Statement 2 is Incorrect: Human development does not rely solely on economic indicators like Gross National Income (GNI) per capita. While income is a component (representing the standard of living), the approach explicitly recognizes that economic growth is only a means to an end, not the end itself. Relying solely on economic indicators characterizes the "Economic Growth" approach, not "Human Development." - Statement 3 is Incorrect: The human development approach, operationalized through indices like the Human Development Index (HDI), fundamentally includes health (measured by life expectancy at birth) and education (measured by mean and expected years of schooling) alongside the standard of living. It rejects the notion of focusing only on per capita income. Key Takeaway: Human Development is a multidimensional concept that prioritizes human capabilities (health, education, and decent standard of living) over mere economic expansion.

NCERT Class 10 Economics — Chapter 1: Development

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With reference to the concept of 'Human Development', consider the following statements:

It emphasizes that the well-being of the people is the most important aspect of development.
It relies solely on economic indicators like GNI per capita.
It excludes health and education indicators, focusing only on per capita income.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Official previous-year question

Verified 1 Aug 2026.

Options

A1, 2 and 3
B2 only
C1 and 3 only
D1 only

Did you get this right?

Solution

Correct Option

The correct option is

1 only

Explanation

The concept of Human Development was introduced by economists Dr. Mahbub-ul-Haq and Prof. Amartya Sen. It represents a paradigm shift from viewing development merely as economic growth to viewing it as a process of enlarging people's choices and enhancing their capabilities. It focuses on the richness of human life rather than the richness of the economy.

Statement-wise Analysis

Statement 1 is Correct: The core philosophy of human development posits that people are the real wealth of a nation. It emphasizes that the purpose of development is to create an enabling environment for people to enjoy long, healthy, and creative lives. Therefore, the well-being of the people is the central aspect of this approach.
Statement 2 is Incorrect: Human development does not rely solely on economic indicators like Gross National Income (GNI) per capita. While income is a component (representing the standard of living), the approach explicitly recognizes that economic growth is only a means to an end, not the end itself. Relying solely on economic indicators characterizes the "Economic Growth" approach, not "Human Development."
Statement 3 is Incorrect: The human development approach, operationalized through indices like the Human Development Index (HDI), fundamentally includes health (measured by life expectancy at birth) and education (measured by mean and expected years of schooling) alongside the standard of living. It rejects the notion of focusing only on per capita income.

Key Takeaway: Human Development is a multidimensional concept that prioritizes human capabilities (health, education, and decent standard of living) over mere economic expansion.

Your note

More from Chapter 1: Development

Consider the following statements regarding the Human Development Index (HDI): 1. It considers only the nutritional status of adults to determine the health component. 2. It compares countries based on educational levels, health status, and per capita income. 3. It is used by the World Bank to classify countries into rich and low-income categories. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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With reference to the developmental goals of different categories of persons, consider the following statements: 1. Developmental goals often vary as different persons can have different developmental aspirations. 2. Developmental goals of one individual are always compatible with the developmental goals of others in society. 3. Industrialists and tribals may have conflicting perspectives regarding the construction of dams. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Consider the following statements regarding 'Renewable Resources': 1. Renewable resources are those which are formed over geological time scales and cannot be replenished by nature. 2. Renewable resources like solar energy are inexhaustible and cannot be overused. 3. Groundwater is an example of a renewable resource. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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With reference to the Body Mass Index (BMI), consider the following statements: 1. It is primarily used to measure the intelligence quotient of an adult. 2. It is calculated by dividing the weight in kilograms by the square of the height in meters. 3. This indicator is exclusively used for children under the age of 5. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Consider the following statements regarding 'Non-renewable resources': 1. These resources have a fixed stock on earth which cannot be replenished. 2. New resources are never discovered; we only use what is currently known. 3. Crude oil is an example of a non-renewable resource. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Keep practising Chapter 1: Development

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Correct Option

The correct option is

1 only

Explanation

Statement-wise Analysis

Statement 1 is Correct: The core philosophy of human development posits that people are the real wealth of a nation. It emphasizes that the purpose of development is to create an enabling environment for people to enjoy long, healthy, and creative lives. Therefore, the well-being of the people is the central aspect of this approach.
Statement 2 is Incorrect: Human development does not rely solely on economic indicators like Gross National Income (GNI) per capita. While income is a component (representing the standard of living), the approach explicitly recognizes that economic growth is only a means to an end, not the end itself. Relying solely on economic indicators characterizes the "Economic Growth" approach, not "Human Development."
Statement 3 is Incorrect: The human development approach, operationalized through indices like the Human Development Index (HDI), fundamentally includes health (measured by life expectancy at birth) and education (measured by mean and expected years of schooling) alongside the standard of living. It rejects the notion of focusing only on per capita income.

Key Takeaway: Human Development is a multidimensional concept that prioritizes human capabilities (health, education, and decent standard of living) over mere economic expansion.