Correct Option
The correct option isTwelve members are nominated by the President from fields such as literature, science, art, and social service.
Explanation
The composition of the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) is governed by Article 80 of the Constitution of India. The House consists of representatives of the States and Union Territories as well as members nominated by the President.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Twelve members are nominated by the Prime Minister based on political affiliation. is Incorrect. Members are nominated by the President of India, not the Prime Minister. While the President acts on the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers, the constitutional power is vested in the President. Additionally, the nomination is based on specific fields of expertise, not political affiliation.
- Twelve members are nominated by the President from fields such as literature, science, art, and social service. is Correct. According to Article 80(3), the President nominates 12 members to the Rajya Sabha who have special knowledge or practical experience in four specific fields: Literature, Science, Art, and Social Service.
- Two members are nominated by the President from the Anglo-Indian community. is Incorrect. The provision for nominating two members from the Anglo-Indian community applied to the Lok Sabha (under Article 331), not the Rajya Sabha. Furthermore, this reservation for Anglo-Indians in the Lok Sabha was discontinued by the 104th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019.
- No members are nominated; all members are directly elected by the people. is Incorrect. The Rajya Sabha is not composed entirely of elected members; it includes 12 nominated members. Furthermore, the elected members of the Rajya Sabha are chosen indirectly by the elected members of the State Legislative Assemblies (Article 80(4)), not directly by the people.
Key Takeaway
Article 80 mandates that the President nominates 12 members to the Rajya Sabha from the fields of Literature, Science, Art, and Social Service.