The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Substances are broadly classified into acids and bases based on their chemical nature, which often manifests through physical properties such as taste and texture.- Statement 1 is correct: The word "acid" comes from the Latin word acere, which means sour. Substances such as curd, lemon juice, orange juice, and vinegar taste sour specifically because they contain acids. The sour taste is a primary characteristic used to identify acidic substances in a general context.
- Statement 2 is incorrect: Substances that taste bitter and feel soapy (slippery) on touching are generally basic in nature. Acids are characterized by a sour taste and do not typically possess a soapy texture.
- Statement 3 is correct: Baking soda (Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate) is a classic example of a base. It has a bitter taste and feels soapy when rubbed between fingers, which confirms its basic chemical nature.
Key Takeaway: The fundamental organoleptic distinction between acids and bases is that acids taste sour, while bases taste bitter and feel soapy to the touch.