The correct option is (b) 2 only.
Explanation
Simple permanent tissues in plants are composed of cells that are structurally and functionally similar. They are classified into three main types-Parenchyma, Collenchyma, and Sclerenchyma-based on the nature of their cell walls and their physiological state (living or dead).Statement 1 is Incorrect: Parenchyma tissues are composed of living cells with thin cell walls made of cellulose. They are not dead cells. Their primary functions include photosynthesis, storage of food, and secretion, rather than providing mechanical hardness.
Statement 2 is Correct: Collenchyma consists of living cells that are thickened at the corners due to the deposition of cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. This tissue provides mechanical support and flexibility to young plant parts, allowing structures like tendrils and stems of climbers to bend without breaking.
Statement 3 is Incorrect: Sclerenchyma consists of dead cells (at maturity) that lack protoplasm. Their walls are thick and lignified. The primary function of sclerenchyma is to provide mechanical strength, making the plant hard and stiff (e.g., the husk of a coconut).
Key Takeaway: Parenchyma and Collenchyma are composed of living cells, whereas Sclerenchyma consists of dead cells. Collenchyma is distinct for providing tensile strength and flexibility, while Sclerenchyma provides rigidity and hardness.