The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Obesity is a complex medical condition involving an excessive amount of body fat. It generally results from an energy imbalance where the calories consumed through food and drink exceed the calories expended by the body through metabolic processes and physical activity.
- Statement 1 is Correct: Overeating leads to a surplus of energy. When the intake of food provides more energy than the body requires for its daily activities and maintenance, the excess energy is stored as fat in adipose tissues. Over time, this accumulation leads to obesity.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: Roughage, also known as dietary fiber, is the indigestible portion of food derived from plants. It adds bulk to the diet, facilitates bowel movements, and promotes satiety (a feeling of fullness) without contributing significant calories. Consequently, a diet rich in roughage is associated with weight management and the prevention of obesity, not its causation.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Fried foods like samosas and high-fat dairy products like malai (cream) are energy-dense. Fats provide approximately 9 kcal per gram, which is more than double the energy provided by carbohydrates or proteins. Excessive consumption of such high-calorie foods significantly contributes to the positive energy balance that causes obesity.
Key Takeaway:
Obesity is primarily driven by the excessive consumption of calorie-dense foods (fats and sugars) and overeating, whereas the intake of roughage (fiber) supports digestive health and helps control body weight.