Correct Option
The correct option is It enjoins the government to establish a national education system.
Explanation
Constitutions serve two primary functions: restricting the exercise of power to protect individual liberties and providing enabling that empower the government to take positive actions to fulfill the collective aspirations of society. While many constitutions focus heavily on limiting state power, modern democratic constitutions often include specific mandates directing the state to achieve social goals.
Analysis
The Indonesian Constitution is frequently cited in political theory as a classic example of a document containing enabling provisions. Specifically:
- Statement It enjoins the government to establish a national education system.: Correct. The Indonesian Constitution explicitly enjoins the government to establish and conduct a national education system. This is an enabling provision because it grants the state the authority and the positive obligation to build infrastructure and systems necessary for the welfare of the people, rather than merely restricting state interference.
- Statement It mandates military service for all citizens., It prohibits the formation of political parties., and It declares the country as a theocratic state.: Incorrect. These options do not represent the specific enabling provision cited in the context of the Indonesian Constitution's role in fulfilling societal aspirations. While constitutions may contain various mandates, the provision regarding the national education system is the distinct example used to illustrate how constitutions empower governments to act for the public good.
Key Takeaway
Enabling provisions in a constitution empower the state to take positive measures to overcome inequality or achieve societal goals, such as the mandate in the Indonesian Constitution to establish a national education system.