The correct option is Crude Birth Rate.
Explanation
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite index used by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) to measure average achievement in key dimensions of human development. It emphasizes that people and their capabilities should be the ultimate criteria for assessing the development of a country, not economic growth alone.
The HDI measures development across three basic dimensions using four specific indicators:
- Long and healthy life: Measured by Life Expectancy at birth.
- Knowledge (Education): Measured by two indicators:
- Mean Years of Schooling (for adults aged 25 years and more).
- Expected Years of Schooling (for children of school-entering age).
- Decent standard of living: Measured by Gross National Income (GNI) per capita (adjusted for Purchasing Power Parity). This is often referred to generally as Per Capita Income in broad terms.
Crude Birth Rate is a demographic indicator representing the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. While it is an important demographic statistic, it is not a component used in the calculation of the HDI.
Key Takeaway: The three dimensions of HDI are Health (Life Expectancy), Education (Mean and Expected Years of Schooling), and Standard of Living (GNI per capita). Demographic rates like birth or death rates are not direct components.