Correct Option
The correct option is 1, 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
The rock shelters of Bhimbetka in Madhya Pradesh contain paintings spanning from the Upper Palaeolithic to the Medieval period. The Mesolithic Period (Period II) represents the most prolific phase of rock art at this site, characterized by a distinct shift in themes and style compared to earlier periods.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: The paintings of the Upper Palaeolithic period are characterized by huge figures of animals such as bison, elephants, and tigers. In contrast, the paintings of the Mesolithic period are generally smaller in size.
- Statement 2 is Correct: Hunting scenes predominate in the Mesolithic paintings. These scenes often depict people hunting in groups, armed with barbed spears, pointed sticks, arrows, and bows. In some scenes, animals are shown chasing men, while in others, they are being chased by hunters.
- Statement 3 is Correct: A distinct stylistic contrast exists in the depiction of subjects. Animals are painted in a naturalistic style, capturing their physical forms accurately, whereas human figures are depicted stylistically (often as stick figures or abstract forms).
- Statement 4 is Incorrect: Women are depicted in various states, both nude and clothed. The paintings illustrate women participating in daily activities, including food preparation and gathering, and do not restrict their depiction to a clothed state only.
Key Takeaway
Key Takeaway: Mesolithic rock art at Bhimbetka is distinguished by smaller-sized paintings, the predominance of group hunting scenes, and a stylistic dichotomy where animals are naturalistic while humans are abstract or stylistic.