The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
Taxes collected by the government constitute the public revenue used to fund public goods, infrastructure, and essential services for the welfare of citizens. Services operated by private entities for profit are funded through direct payments or fees from their specific clients.Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: Private security agencies are private business enterprises. They provide security services to individuals, housing societies, or corporations in exchange for a direct fee paid by the client. They are not funded by government tax revenue.
- Statement 2 is Correct: Highways are public infrastructure assets. Their construction, expansion, and maintenance are primarily funded by the government using tax revenues. While tolls may be collected as a user fee, the underlying capital and operational framework are state-managed and tax-subsidized.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Disaster relief and management are core sovereign functions. During natural calamities (floods, earthquakes, etc.), the government utilizes tax funds to provide rescue operations, food, shelter, and rehabilitation for affected citizens.
Key Takeaway: Government taxes fund public services such as defense, police, infrastructure (roads, bridges), and social welfare (health, education, disaster relief), whereas private services are financed by the individuals who consume them.