Correct Option
The correct option is Purva Mimansa - Jaimini
Explanation
Indian philosophy is traditionally classified into two broad categories: Astika (Orthodox), which accepts the authority of the Vedas, and Nastika (Heterodox), which rejects it. The orthodox tradition comprises six major schools known as the Shad Darshana.
Option Analysis
- Option (a) is Incorrect: The Samkhya school was founded by Kapila. It is a dualistic philosophy based on Purusha (consciousness) and Prakriti (matter). Patanjali is the founder of the Yoga school, which focuses on meditation and physical discipline.
- Option (b) is Correct: The Purva Mimansa school was founded by Jaimini. This school emphasizes the strict interpretation of Vedic texts and the performance of rituals (Karma Kanda) to uphold Dharma.
- Option (c) is Incorrect: The Nyaya school was founded by Gautama (also known as Akshapada). It is primarily concerned with logic and epistemology. Vyasa (Badarayana) is associated with Uttara Mimansa (Vedanta).
- Option (d) is Incorrect: The Vaishesika school was founded by Kanada (also known as Uluka). It is characterized by its atomic theory and realistic pluralism. Kapila is the founder of Samkhya.
Key Takeaway
Founders of the Six Orthodox Schools (Shad Darshana):
- Samkhya: Kapila
- Yoga: Patanjali
- Nyaya: Gautama
- Vaishesika: Kanada
- Purva Mimansa: Jaimini
- Uttara Mimansa (Vedanta): Badarayana