The correct option is He gave up personal pleasures like boxing and music.
Explanation
The question refers to Nelson Mandela’s autobiography, Long Walk to Freedom, which is frequently cited in political theory to illustrate the concept of freedom. Mandela describes the personal transformation and sacrifices required to fight against the apartheid regime in South Africa.Option Analysis:
- He gave up personal pleasures like boxing and music is Correct: In his autobiography, Mandela explicitly mentions that the struggle for freedom forced him to live the life of a monk. He had to sacrifice personal pleasures, including his love for boxing, listening to music, and enjoying a private family life, to dedicate himself fully to the liberation of his people.
- He abandoned his political career is Incorrect: Mandela did not abandon his political career; instead, his life became defined by his political leadership and the anti-apartheid movement.
- He gave up his citizenship to lead from exile is Incorrect: He did not give up his citizenship. He fought to ensure that all South Africans, regardless of race, were granted equal citizenship rights.
- He refused to participate in negotiations is Incorrect: Mandela is historically noted for his willingness to engage in negotiations with the apartheid government to ensure a peaceful transition to democracy, rather than refusing them.
Key Takeaway:
Nelson Mandela’s struggle highlights that fighting for the greater freedom of a people often requires the sacrifice of personal freedoms, comforts, and private life.