Which of the following pairs are correctly matched ? | Example | Concept 1. | Groundwater in Punjab | Overuse of renewable resources 2. | Crude Oil Reserves | Exhaustion of non-renewable resources 3. | Sardar Sarovar Dam | Conflicting developmental goals 4. | Kerala vs Haryana | Income vs Human Development Select the correct answer using the code given below:

The correct Answer is 1, 2, 3 and 4 Explanation This question assesses understanding of various developmental concepts, including resource utilization, resource depletion, developmental conflicts, and human development indicators, as typically discussed in the context of economic development and environmental sustainability. Statement-wise Analysis 1. Groundwater in Punjab | Overuse of renewable resources - Correct. Groundwater is a renewable resource, but its overuse, particularly for agriculture in regions like Punjab, leads to depletion rates exceeding replenishment rates, thus constituting overuse of a renewable resource. 2. Crude Oil Reserves | Exhaustion of non-renewable resources - Correct. Crude oil is a fossil fuel, which is a non-renewable resource. Its extraction and consumption lead to the exhaustion of these finite reserves over time. 3. Sardar Sarovar Dam | Conflicting developmental goals - Correct. Large-scale projects like the Sardar Sarovar Dam often involve conflicting developmental goals. While they provide benefits such as irrigation and power generation, they also lead to displacement of communities, environmental concerns, and loss of livelihoods, representing a conflict between different developmental priorities and stakeholders. 4. Kerala vs Haryana | Income vs Human Development - Correct. This comparison is frequently used to illustrate that higher per capita income (as historically seen in Haryana) does not always translate to better human development indicators (like literacy, infant mortality, and healthcare, where Kerala often performs better). This highlights the distinction between economic growth and human development. Key Takeaway Development involves complex interactions between resource management, environmental sustainability, economic growth, and human well-being, often leading to trade-offs and conflicts.

NCERT Class 10 Economics — Chapter 1: Development

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Which of the following pairs are correctly matched ?

	Example	Concept
1.	Groundwater in Punjab	Overuse of renewable resources
2.	Crude Oil Reserves	Exhaustion of non-renewable resources
3.	Sardar Sarovar Dam	Conflicting developmental goals
4.	Kerala vs Haryana	Income vs Human Development

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Official previous-year question

Verified 1 Aug 2026.

Options

A1 and 2 only
B1, 2 and 3 only
C3 and 4 only
D1, 2, 3 and 4

Did you get this right?

Solution

The correct Answer is 1, 2, 3 and 4

Explanation

This question assesses understanding of various developmental concepts, including resource utilization, resource depletion, developmental conflicts, and human development indicators, as typically discussed in the context of economic development and environmental sustainability.

Statement-wise Analysis

Groundwater in Punjab | Overuse of renewable resources
- Correct. Groundwater is a renewable resource, but its overuse, particularly for agriculture in regions like Punjab, leads to depletion rates exceeding replenishment rates, thus constituting overuse of a renewable resource.
Crude Oil Reserves | Exhaustion of non-renewable resources
- Correct. Crude oil is a fossil fuel, which is a non-renewable resource. Its extraction and consumption lead to the exhaustion of these finite reserves over time.
Sardar Sarovar Dam | Conflicting developmental goals
- Correct. Large-scale projects like the Sardar Sarovar Dam often involve conflicting developmental goals. While they provide benefits such as irrigation and power generation, they also lead to displacement of communities, environmental concerns, and loss of livelihoods, representing a conflict between different developmental priorities and stakeholders.
Kerala vs Haryana | Income vs Human Development
- Correct. This comparison is frequently used to illustrate that higher per capita income (as historically seen in Haryana) does not always translate to better human development indicators (like literacy, infant mortality, and healthcare, where Kerala often performs better). This highlights the distinction between economic growth and human development.

Key Takeaway

Development involves complex interactions between resource management, environmental sustainability, economic growth, and human well-being, often leading to trade-offs and conflicts.

Your note

More from Chapter 1: Development

Consider the following statements regarding the Human Development Index (HDI): 1. It considers only the nutritional status of adults to determine the health component. 2. It compares countries based on educational levels, health status, and per capita income. 3. It is used by the World Bank to classify countries into rich and low-income categories. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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With reference to the developmental goals of different categories of persons, consider the following statements: 1. Developmental goals often vary as different persons can have different developmental aspirations. 2. Developmental goals of one individual are always compatible with the developmental goals of others in society. 3. Industrialists and tribals may have conflicting perspectives regarding the construction of dams. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Consider the following statements regarding 'Renewable Resources': 1. Renewable resources are those which are formed over geological time scales and cannot be replenished by nature. 2. Renewable resources like solar energy are inexhaustible and cannot be overused. 3. Groundwater is an example of a renewable resource. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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With reference to the Body Mass Index (BMI), consider the following statements: 1. It is primarily used to measure the intelligence quotient of an adult. 2. It is calculated by dividing the weight in kilograms by the square of the height in meters. 3. This indicator is exclusively used for children under the age of 5. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Consider the following statements regarding 'Non-renewable resources': 1. These resources have a fixed stock on earth which cannot be replenished. 2. New resources are never discovered; we only use what is currently known. 3. Crude oil is an example of a non-renewable resource. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Keep practising Chapter 1: Development

Work through every question from this NCERT chapter.

Browse all NCERT Class 10 Economics chapters

The correct Answer is 1, 2, 3 and 4

Explanation

Statement-wise Analysis

Groundwater in Punjab | Overuse of renewable resources
- Correct. Groundwater is a renewable resource, but its overuse, particularly for agriculture in regions like Punjab, leads to depletion rates exceeding replenishment rates, thus constituting overuse of a renewable resource.
Crude Oil Reserves | Exhaustion of non-renewable resources
- Correct. Crude oil is a fossil fuel, which is a non-renewable resource. Its extraction and consumption lead to the exhaustion of these finite reserves over time.
Sardar Sarovar Dam | Conflicting developmental goals
- Correct. Large-scale projects like the Sardar Sarovar Dam often involve conflicting developmental goals. While they provide benefits such as irrigation and power generation, they also lead to displacement of communities, environmental concerns, and loss of livelihoods, representing a conflict between different developmental priorities and stakeholders.
Kerala vs Haryana | Income vs Human Development
- Correct. This comparison is frequently used to illustrate that higher per capita income (as historically seen in Haryana) does not always translate to better human development indicators (like literacy, infant mortality, and healthcare, where Kerala often performs better). This highlights the distinction between economic growth and human development.

Key Takeaway

Development involves complex interactions between resource management, environmental sustainability, economic growth, and human well-being, often leading to trade-offs and conflicts.