The correct option is (b).
Explanation
The Tehsildar is a gazetted officer in the Revenue Administration of the State Government, responsible for the administration of a Tehsil or Taluka. The Tehsildar functions as an Executive Magistrate and a Revenue Court, overseeing land records and revenue collection at the sub-district level.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. The Judges of a High Court are appointed by the President of India under Article 217 of the Constitution, typically after consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the Governor of the State. A Tehsildar is a subordinate revenue officer and has no authority regarding the appointment of constitutional functionaries.
- Statement 2 is Correct. The Tehsildar supervises the work of the Patwaris (also known as Lekhpals or Village Accountants) within the Tehsil. This supervision ensures the accuracy of land measurements and crop data collected at the village level.
- Statement 3 is Correct. The Tehsildar is the designated competent authority to issue various administrative documents, including caste certificates, income certificates, and domicile certificates, which are essential for students and citizens to avail of government benefits.
- Statement 4 is Correct. One of the primary duties of the Tehsildar is to ensure that land records are properly maintained and updated. They must also ensure that farmers can easily access and obtain certified copies of their land records (such as the Record of Rights).
Key Takeaway:
The Tehsildar acts as the primary revenue officer and Executive Magistrate at the Tehsil level, managing land records and issuing certificates, whereas the appointment of High Court Judges is a constitutional power vested in the President.