NCERT Class 6 Political Science — Chapter 4: Rural Administration

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Assertion (A): The Station House Officer (SHO) is the primary authority responsible for measuring land and maintaining land revenue records in rural areas. Reason (R): The police department is responsible for maintaining law and order which may arise from land disputes.

Official previous-year question

Verified 1 Aug 2026.

Options

ABoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
BBoth A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
CA is true but R is false
DA is false but R is true

Did you get this right?

Solution

The correct option is (d) A is false but R is true.

Explanation

Rural administration is divided into specific departments with distinct mandates to ensure efficient governance. The Revenue Department is responsible for land records and tax collection, while the Police Department is responsible for the maintenance of law and order.

Statement-wise Analysis:

Assertion (A): Incorrect. The Station House Officer (SHO) is the officer in charge of a police station. Their primary duty is to register complaints (FIRs) and investigate crimes. The authority responsible for measuring land and maintaining land revenue records in rural areas is the Patwari (also known as Lekhpal, Kanungo, or Village Administrative Officer), who functions under the Revenue Department.
Reason (R): Correct. The primary mandate of the police department is the maintenance of law and order. Land disputes frequently lead to conflicts, arguments, or violence. In such situations, the police are responsible for intervening to prevent a breach of peace and enforcing the law.

Key Takeaway:
There is a strict separation of powers in rural administration: the Patwari (Revenue Department) handles land measurement and records, while the SHO (Police Department) handles law and order issues arising from disputes.

Your note

More from Chapter 4: Rural Administration

Consider the following statements regarding the jurisdiction of a police station in India: 1. Every police station has a specifically defined area that comes under its control. 2. Citizens can register cases in any police station within the district, regardless of where the incident occurred. 3. The responsibility of the police includes inquiring and investigating cases only within its assigned area. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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With reference to the Station House Officer (S.H.O.), consider the following: 1. The S.H.O. is the person in charge of a police station. 2. The S.H.O. is legally bound to personally investigate every minor complaint reported at the station. 3. The S.H.O. has the discretion to dismiss complaints if they are deemed trivial or false initially. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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In the event of a land dispute complaint registered at a police station, which of the following is the standard preliminary procedural step?

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Consider the following actions regarding the maintenance of law and order in a village: 1. Collecting land revenue 2. Investigating an injury arising from a fight 3. Patrolling the assigned area 4. Enquiring into accidental deaths Which of the above fall strictly under the responsibility of the local police station?

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Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below: List I | List II A. S.H.O. | 1. Investigating assaults and thefts B. Patwari | 2. Head of the district administration C. Tehsildar | 3. Hearing land disputes and supervising revenue work D. District Collector | 4. Measuring agricultural fields

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The correct option is (d) A is false but R is true.

Explanation

Statement-wise Analysis:

Assertion (A): Incorrect. The Station House Officer (SHO) is the officer in charge of a police station. Their primary duty is to register complaints (FIRs) and investigate crimes. The authority responsible for measuring land and maintaining land revenue records in rural areas is the Patwari (also known as Lekhpal, Kanungo, or Village Administrative Officer), who functions under the Revenue Department.
Reason (R): Correct. The primary mandate of the police department is the maintenance of law and order. Land disputes frequently lead to conflicts, arguments, or violence. In such situations, the police are responsible for intervening to prevent a breach of peace and enforcing the law.