The correct option is Bhutan.
Explanation
Gross National Happiness (GNH) is a philosophy and measurement framework used to guide the government of Bhutan. It serves as an alternative to traditional metrics like Gross Domestic Product (GDP), focusing on the holistic well-being of the population rather than solely on economic output.
- Bhutan is the only country in the world to officially proclaim Gross National Happiness (GNH) as the primary measure of the country’s progress.
- The concept was introduced in the 1970s by the fourth King of Bhutan, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, who stated that "Gross National Happiness is more important than Gross National Product."
- The GNH framework is built upon four pillars:
- Sustainable and equitable socio-economic development.
- Environmental conservation.
- Preservation and promotion of culture.
- Good governance.
- While other nations (like Norway and Switzerland) rank high on happiness and human development indices, they do not use GNH as their official constitutional or policy-guiding metric for progress.
Key Takeaway: Bhutan is the sole nation to officially adopt Gross National Happiness (GNH) as its central development philosophy, prioritizing spiritual, physical, social, and environmental health over material economic growth.