The correct option is International Labour Organisation.
Explanation
Human development is measured through various approaches that have evolved over time. These approaches shift the focus from mere economic growth to the well-being and quality of life of the population.
Detailed Analysis:
- The Basic Needs Approach was initially proposed by the International Labour Organisation (ILO) in 1976.
- This approach emphasizes the necessity of providing a minimum standard of living to all people, irrespective of their income levels.
- It identified six specific basic needs: health, education, food, water supply, sanitation, and housing.
- The approach focuses on the direct provision of these necessities rather than on the building of human capabilities or choices (which is the focus of the Capability Approach associated with Amartya Sen).
Key Takeaway: The International Labour Organisation (ILO) introduced the Basic Needs Approach, prioritizing six minimum requirements: health, education, food, water, sanitation, and housing.