Correct Option
The correct option isTreating common illnesses and educating people on health under PHC supervision
Explanation
In the Indian public health system, Village Health Workers (VHWs), often functioning as Community Health Workers (CHWs) or Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs), serve as the primary link between the rural community and the formal healthcare infrastructure. Their role is grounded in the decentralization of health services, often coordinated with local self-government bodies (Panchayats) to ensure "Health and Sanitation" as envisaged in the 11th Schedule of the Constitution.
Option Analysis
- Conducting major surgical procedures at the village level is Incorrect: Major surgical procedures require specialized medical professionals (surgeons) and sterile infrastructure found in secondary or tertiary care facilities (District Hospitals or Medical Colleges), not at the village level.
- Treating common illnesses and educating people on health under PHC supervision is Correct: The primary mandate of a Village Health Worker is to provide basic medical care for common ailments, disseminate health education (regarding hygiene, immunization, and nutrition), and facilitate referrals to Primary Health Centres (PHCs). They operate under the supervision of the PHC or Sub-centre staff.
- Managing the administrative finances of District Hospitals is Incorrect: Managing the administrative finances of District Hospitals is the responsibility of the Hospital Superintendent or district-level health administrators, not village-level volunteers or workers.
- Formulating state-level health policies and insurance schemes is Incorrect: The formulation of health policies and insurance schemes is a legislative and executive function performed by the State or Central Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, not by grassroots workers.
Key Takeaway: Village Health Workers act as the first point of contact in the rural health hierarchy, focusing on preventive care, health awareness, and treating minor illnesses to bridge the gap between the community and the Primary Health Centre (PHC).