1992
Explanation
The Public Distribution System (PDS) in India has undergone various structural changes to ensure food security for vulnerable sections of society. These changes mark the transition from a universal scheme to a geographically and socially targeted mechanism.
Detailed Analysis:
- Revamped Public Distribution System (RPDS): It was introduced in June 1992. The primary objective was to strengthen and streamline the PDS and improve its reach in far-flung, hilly, remote, and inaccessible areas where a substantial section of the poor reside. It specifically targeted 1,775 backward blocks in the country.
- Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS): This was introduced later in June 1997 to adopt a dual price mechanism for Below Poverty Line (BPL) and Above Poverty Line (APL) families.
- Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY): This scheme was launched in December 2000 to target the "poorest of the poor."
Key Takeaway:
The Revamped Public Distribution System (RPDS) was launched in 1992 with a focus on geographically difficult and backward areas, preceding the income-based targeting introduced by TPDS in 1997.