The practice of planting rows of trees in coastal and dry regions to check wind movement and protect soil cover is known as:

The correct option is

Shelter belts

Explanation

Soil conservation refers to the prevention of loss of the top layer of the soil from erosion or reduced fertility caused by over usage, acidification, salinization, or other chemical soil contamination. Various methods are employed based on the topography and climatic conditions.

Analysis of Options:

• Shelter belts (Correct): In coastal and dry regions, rows of trees are planted to check the wind movement. This practice breaks the force of the wind and protects the soil cover from being blown away.
• Intercropping: This involves growing different crops in alternate rows and sowing them at different times to protect the soil from rain wash. It is primarily used to maintain soil fertility and prevent erosion by water.
• Contour barriers: Stones, grass, and soil are used to build barriers along contours. Trenches are made in front of the barriers to collect water. This is generally used in hilly terrains to prevent water runoff.
• Mulching: The bare ground between plants is covered with a layer of organic matter like straw. It helps to retain soil moisture but is not primarily a wind-checking mechanism.

Key Takeaway: Shelter belts are specifically rows of trees planted to reduce wind speed and prevent wind erosion, predominantly utilized in arid and coastal environments.