The power of the Supreme Court to issue writs such as Habeas Corpus and Mandamus serves which core constitutional objective?

The correct option is Restore Fundamental Rights of individuals..

Explanation

Article 32 of the Indian Constitution confers the right to move the Supreme Court by appropriate proceedings for the enforcement of the rights conferred by Part III (Fundamental Rights). This article empowers the Supreme Court to issue directions, orders, or writs, including writs in the nature of Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Quo Warranto, and Certiorari.

Analysis of Options:

• Restore Fundamental Rights of individuals. is Correct: The primary and specific objective of the Supreme Court's Writ Jurisdiction under Article 32 is the enforcement and restoration of Fundamental Rights when they are violated by the State. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar termed Article 32 the "heart and soul" of the Constitution because it provides a guaranteed remedy for such violations.
• Resolve disputes between two private companies. is Incorrect: Disputes between two private companies are typically civil matters governed by contract law or corporate law. These are adjudicated by subordinate courts or tribunals. Writ jurisdiction is generally available against the "State" (as defined under Article 12) or public authorities, not for resolving purely private disputes.
• Advise the President on foreign policy. is Incorrect: The function of advising the President on questions of law or fact of public importance falls under the Advisory Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court (Article 143), not its Writ Jurisdiction.
• Review the annual budget of the state governments. is Incorrect: The preparation and passing of the annual budget is a legislative function. While the judiciary possesses the power of Judicial Review regarding the constitutionality of laws, the Writ Jurisdiction is not a tool for reviewing the financial budgets of state governments.

Key Takeaway:
The Writ Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under Article 32 is a fundamental feature of the Constitution designed specifically to act as a shield for the protection and enforcement of the Fundamental Rights of citizens.