Pit-houses
Explanation
Burzahom, located in the Kashmir Valley, is a significant Neolithic site that provides evidence of early settlement patterns in the Himalayan region. The site is distinct for its unique dwelling structures designed to cope with the local climatic conditions.
Option Analysis
- Pit-houses is Correct: The defining archaeological feature of Burzahom is the presence of pit-houses (dwelling pits). These were circular or oval pits dug into the ground, often provided with steps. Traces of ash and charcoal found inside these pits suggest they served as shelters to provide protection against the cold weather.
- Jadeite stone is Incorrect: Jadeite stone is a characteristic find of the Neolithic site Daojali Hading in the North Cachar Hills of Assam. It suggests cultural links with China or Southeast Asia, distinct from the Kashmir Neolithic culture.
- Fossil wood tools is Incorrect: Tools made of fossil wood (ancient wood hardened into stone) are primarily associated with the Neolithic cultures of North-East India (e.g., Daojali Hading), not Burzahom.
- Millet cultivation is Incorrect: While agriculture was practiced at Burzahom (with evidence of wheat, barley, and lentils), millet cultivation is a hallmark of the Neolithic sites in South India, such as Hallur and Paiyampalli.
Key Takeaway: The Burzahom Neolithic culture is characterized by pit-dwellings, the extensive use of bone tools, and the unique burial practice of placing domestic dogs in graves with their masters.