Correct Option
The correct option is Shalabhanjika.
Explanation
The gateways (Toranas) of the Sanchi Stupa are adorned with elaborate sculptures that incorporate various motifs, including narrative scenes from the Jatakas and figures representing semi-divine beings. These figures often blend folk deities and fertility symbols into Buddhist architecture.
Option Analysis
- Maya is incorrect: Maya is the mother of Prince Siddhartha (Buddha). While she is traditionally depicted holding a branch of a Sal tree during the birth of the Buddha, the specific architectural bracket figure swinging from the gateway is a stylized fertility symbol known as a Shalabhanjika, rather than a narrative depiction of Queen Maya.
- Gajalakshmi is incorrect: Gajalakshmi is a motif depicting a goddess (often associated with prosperity or Maya) seated or standing on a lotus, flanked by two elephants pouring water over her. This motif is found on the Sanchi gateways but is distinct from the figure swinging from the edge.
- Shalabhanjika is correct: The Shalabhanjika is a sculptural motif of a woman standing by a tree and grasping a branch. At Sanchi, this figure appears as a bracket (strut) supporting the projecting ends of the lowest architrave of the gateway. It represents a Yakshi, a spirit associated with fertility and vegetation, signifying auspiciousness.
- Hariti is incorrect: Hariti is a Buddhist goddess associated with the protection of children (originally a demoness converted by the Buddha). She is typically depicted with children and is not the figure associated with the tree-swinging bracket motif.
Key Takeaway: The Shalabhanjika motif at Sanchi represents a Yakshi, serving as an auspicious symbol of fertility and vegetation integrated into the structural design of the Buddhist Toranas.