The correct option is V.S. Wakankar.
Explanation
The Bhimbetka rock shelters are an archaeological site in central India that spans the prehistoric Paleolithic and Mesolithic periods. They exhibit the earliest traces of human life on the Indian subcontinent and contain rock paintings that provide evidence of the Stone Age.
Analysis of Options:
- V.S. Wakankar V.S. Wakankar: Correct. Dr. Vishnu Shridhar Wakankar, an Indian archaeologist, discovered the Bhimbetka rock shelters in 1957. He noticed the unique rock formations while traveling by train and subsequently visited the site to confirm their archaeological significance.
- Archibold Carlleyle Archibold Carlleyle: Incorrect. A.C.L. Carlleyle is credited with the first discovery of rock paintings in India at Sohagi Ghat (Kaimur Range, Mirzapur District) in 1867, distinct from the Bhimbetka discovery.
- H.D. Sankalia H.D. Sankalia: Incorrect. Hasmukh Dhirajlal Sankalia was a pioneering archaeologist known for his work on the Chalcolithic and Neolithic cultures of India (e.g., Nevasa, Inamgaon), but he is not the discoverer of Bhimbetka.
- John Marshall John Marshall: Incorrect. Sir John Marshall was the Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India from 1902 to 1928. He is primarily associated with the excavations of the Indus Valley Civilization (Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro).
Key Takeaway: The Bhimbetka rock shelters, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, were discovered by V.S. Wakankar in 1957, marking a significant milestone in the study of Indian prehistory.